Context:In pediatric dentistry, the treatment duration has the utmost importance in reducing anxiety among children. Rotary endodontics in pedodontics facilitates a faster and more efficient treatment option in children. Aims: To compare the efficacy of three different file systems used for pulpectomy in primary mandibular molars: An In Vitro study Methods and Material:Thirty extracted primary mandibular molars were divided into three groups. Group, I was prepared with manual K flex files, II with ProTaper Next rotary files, and III with Kedo SSquare. All the teeth were prepared with respective files and instrumentation time was recorded. The pre-and post-instrumentation and post–Obturation CBCT scanning were done to compare centering ability, apical transportation, remaining dentin thickness, and Obturation quality which was assessed using Coll and Sadrian criteria. Results:This study shows a statistically significant difference in instrumentation time between three file systems among them Kedo SSquare required less time and there was no significant difference in the quality of obturation among the three groups. There was a significant difference in presence of voids among the three groups(p=0.039). Conclusions: Considering that rotary files are more convenient and can facilitate root canal treatment, their application may be more appropriate for children with behavior management issues.

Rotary, pediatric dentistry, CBCT, centering ability, quality of obturation