Indian culture has a long history of stratification and inequity. They manifest in the uneven stratification of castes and classes within India's social order. The fundamental concepts of dharma (normative order), karma (individual moral commitment), or jti (caste) that make up the Indian cultural heritage are also the foundations of hierarchy or social stratification. In this study, we've made an effort to provide a sweeping and in-depth look at how many researchers feel about the enduring cultural hallmarks of caste in India today.

Indian society; varna; jāti; caste; class; dharma; karma