Water is essential for the existence of all living beings on Earth. Sea water makes up the bulk of the world's water, and it can't be utilised without the help of humans. Groundwater is the sole natural resource that may be utilised for drinking. However, if it is of great quality, the little volume is sufficient to supply the demands of living creatures. Water pollution occurs when water sources such as ponds, streams, seas, and underground water become polluted. This may be described as undesirable changes in water's physical and chemical qualities that are harmful to all living species that rely on it for survival. Water pollution is finally receiving the attention it deserves, but agriculture's involvement must be examined more closely, since current agricultural practises have an unprecedented impact on water quality. Several studies have looked into a few elements of agricultural water pollution and have identified areas for additional research. Future study priorities include identifying and testing regionally appropriate indicators, as well as modelling the effects of contaminants on biota and microbial contamination pathways. Despite previous experiments discovering a variety of different water quality markers, remote detection is limited to surface proportions of turbidity, suspended residue, chlorophyll, eutrophication, and temperature.

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