This paper provides a comprehensive review of geospatial analysis in the context of environmental justice (EJ). It discusses the importance of geospatial analysis in EJ studies and explores methodologies, case studies, challenges, future directions, and policy implications. The review highlights the use of remote sensing techniques, geographic information systems (GIS), and spatial analysis techniques in mapping environmental hazards and inequalities. Case studies from urban and rural environments in India illustrate the application of geospatial analysis in identifying areas of environmental concern. The paper also discusses challenges such as data availability and quality, spatial scale, and interpretation of results. Future directions include integrating socioeconomic data, advancing remote sensing technologies, and informing policy decisions. The findings suggest that geospatial analysis is a valuable tool for understanding and addressing environmental injustices, but further research and collaboration are needed to overcome existing challenges and maximize its potential impact.

environmental justice, geospatial analysis, remote sensing, GIS, spatial analysis, India, socioeconomic data, policy implications.