India's wealth of medicinal plants and traditional knowledge represent a reservoir of untapped potential for healthcare and economic development. This paper explores the historical context, traditional knowledge, modern applications, conservation efforts, and economic and social impact of medicinal plants in India. We delve into the scientific validation of traditional uses, pharmacological studies, and biotechnological advancements that have revolutionized medicinal plant research. Furthermore, we examine the threats to medicinal plant biodiversity, conservation efforts, and sustainable harvesting practices aimed at ensuring their long-term viability. Finally, we explore the economic and social contributions of medicinal plants to healthcare, local economies, and rural livelihoods. This paper underscores the importance of preserving traditional knowledge, promoting sustainable practices, and harnessing the vast potential of medicinal plants to address global health challenges and foster sustainable development.

Medicinal plants, Traditional knowledge, Modern applications, Conservation, Sustainable use, Economic impact, Social impact, India