There are ∼ 2.5 million neonatal deaths in the first 28 days of life per year worldwide1. Nearly all (99%) of them occur in low-income countries2. Two thirds of the neonatal mortality occurs in ten countries of the world, most of which are from Asia and Africa3. A large number of neonates in intensive care unit require mechanical ventilation due to various conditions and have a high mortality. To reduce high mortality in this group of neonates, identification of risk factors is important. In all critically ill patients, the immediate objective is to preserve life and prevent reserve or minimize damage to vital organs such as the brain and the kidneys.intensive care medicine is concern predominantly with the management of patients with acute life threatening conditions4.intensive care medicine and neonatal intensive care services is now on an advancing stages. The widespread introduction of mechanical ventilation into neonatal intensive care units during 1960s and 1970s improved the survival of sick newborn5.actully assisted ventilation has revolutionized the outcome of sick newborn in NICUs6.It is one of the important advancement in neonatal medicine which reduces neonatal mortality. A large number of neonates in neonatal intensive care unit require mechanical ventilation. These mechanically ventilated neonates have high fatality

Mortality, ventilated, neonates, intensive care unit