This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in solar still technology aimed at enhancing water desalination efficiency. Solar stills offer a sustainable, low-cost method for freshwater production, particularly in regions with limited access to potable water. However, conventional designs often suffer from low output rates, prompting ongoing research into modifications that improve thermal performance, condensation rates, and water yield. This paper examines key innovations in materials, structural modifications, and hybrid systems that integrate solar stills with other renewable technologies. Additionally, it discusses the influence of environmental factors and explores the effectiveness of various performance-enhancing techniques. Findings highlight significant improvements in desalination rates with optimized solar still designs, offering promising solutions to global water scarcity issues.

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in solar still technology