In this article, the main factors affecting the development of children, the impact of environmental factors on the state of nutrition, as well as the advantages of the organization of proper nutrition are highlighted. Proper nutrition is a prerequisite for harmonious growth, physical and neuropsychic development, resistance to infectious, toxic, radiation and other adverse environmental factors, and the success and successful education of children. Nutrition is especially important in the early stages of ontogeny, when the body is growing. It is during this period that the body is most prone to external influences. [ 1] It is known that the effects of nutrition on the human body occur at the genome level. Modern ideas in nutreogenomics are based on the following rules: 1) General food chemicals can directly or indirectly affect human genes; [ 2] 2) Under certain conditions, in some people, eating can be a serious risk factor for the development of a number of diseases; 3) some nutritionally regulated genes may play a role in the onset, development, and progression of a number of serious chronic diseases; 4) The degree to which nutrition affects the balance between health and disease is determined by individual genetic predisposition. [3] The child's body is unique. The younger the child, the more energy flow is needed to cover the energy costs associated with his or her intensive growth, development, metabolism, and basic vital functions. Due to the functional maturity of the central nervous system and a number of other organs and systems, and the high intensity of metabolic processes, a child's growing body changes the most important substances and responds quickly to a deficiency or excess of certain nutrients. Functions - impaired physical and mental development, impaired function of the main functional load-bearing organs to maintain homeostasis, weakened natural and acquired immunity. In this regard, it is especially important to provide the child with a balanced diet. There are four basic physiological principles of a balanced diet: 1) The amount of calories in a given person’s daily diet should be commensurate with his or her energy expenditure. 2) The amount of protein, fat and carbohydrates in the diet should be at least equal to the minimum requirement for them. 3) The content of vitamins, salts and trace elements in the diet should be at least equal to the minimum requirements for them. 4) The amount of vitamins, salts and trace elements in the diet should be below toxic levels. [4] The physical development of a child is a reflection of the morphological and functional changes that take place in the child during the implementation of a particular genetic program aimed at the formation of a healthy person who accepts the ingredients from food. And comfortable environmental conditions. Environmental conditions can significantly alter the implementation of a genetic program, both in terms of providing optimal conditions for development and in terms of shaping the pathological process. It is known that physical development is influenced by many environmental factors: adherence to the schedule, emotional state, acute and chronic diseases, climate and geographical conditions, but most importantly the impact of nutrition.

Vitamins, immunity, trace elements, iron, anatomical, physiological, fatty acids, weight, intellectual development.